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Learning Module
08
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EuroMed: III Maghreb y Machreq. Estrategias de Cooperación
y Desarrollo
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Academic Coordinators
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Profª. Paloma González Gómez del Miño | Complutense University of Madrid
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Prof. José A. Sanahuja
Perales | Complutense University
of Madrid
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Abstract
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Profª. Gómez
del Miño.- The Mediterranean area has been permanently in the
spotlight, and more in recent years due to the end of bipolarity and wider
disparity between the Northern and Southern countries. Both internal and
international dynamics for the countries of the Maghreb and The Middle East,
as well as the evolution of the European Union, justify the study of this
region. Now new factors and challenges are emerging in the area with relations
improving between both shores as well as improvements within each country.
Moves both at an international as well as a region level have caused the
region to become more heterogeneous and at the same time created substantial
complementary nexuses.
The recent history of the Maghreb and the Middle East is intimately
linked to the processes of national construction and the different degrees
of attachment to external actors. In order to analyze the Arabic regional
system, it is important to consider factors such as internal character
-political systems, intra-regional development, socioeconomics, religion,
energy wealth, conflict etc. - and international factors by virtue of its
geography (point of intersection between three continents), of its geology
(by the importance of its energy resources that make up 65% of the world's
petroleum reserves and 25% gas reserves) and by its geotheology (as it is
the origin of the Jewish, Christian and Muslim monotheisms).
The end of the bipolar system appeared to be a perfect opportunity
for the remodelling of a new international order in the Maghreb and the
Middle East, with significant moves of planning and intervention. In regards
to de facto accomplishments, these initiatives have been losing their
dynamism, however, this does not mean that these countries are no longer
present on the international agenda as well as in domestic politics of
a wide range of countries, becoming an active element in the political
discourse. The countries of this area are sunk in a process, embryonic
and fragmented, of partial reforms with a modest level of success in confronting
their main challenges such as democratization, human rights, the status
of women and their role in economic globalisation.
The Maghreb and Middle East scene, because of its potential in terms
of culture, energy, social, geographic and demographic characteristics,
throughout the XXI century, it is inevitable that it will have a relevant
position in the world. For this reason, we considered the module that we
have presented here as fundamental for all those that wish to deepen their
understanding of the Euro-Mediterranean area.
Prof. Sanahuja.- The European Union Development
Policy is aimed to eradicate poverty, to foster democracy and human rights,
and to promote harmonious and progressive integration of developing countries
in the world economy. Development is also an important component of the
so-called Wider Europe-Neighbourhood Policy, and a specific area of work
in the Barcelona Process aimed to create a Partnership between the EU and
the Mediterranean Countries. These policies are supported by a number of
instruments, such as Financial and Technical Assistance, trade agreements,
and a number of programs aimed to create networks of civil society and decentralized
actors. Nevertheless, these programs are faced up with a number of challenges
in order to achieve its stated aims: the course will analyse the problems
of policy coherence among development aid programs and trade, migration,
security or other foreign policy interests, and the obstacles posed by the
political and social structures in the partners of the EuroMed economic and
political space.
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Course
Objectives
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Profª. Gómez
del Miño:
- The main objective is to know, analyze and deepen in political, social,
economic, cultural and international reality of the space of Maghreb and the
Middle East.
- To extend the specialized teachings on the Maghreb and the Middle
East, being conjugated the contributions of diverse scientific areas: International
Relations, Economy and Public International Law
- To facilitate the knowledge and use of the methods and techniques
of analysis and information at the international level.
- To equip the students with a satisfactory professional experience,
by means of the accomplishment of specialized practices that enables them
for its total insertion in the labor market.
Prof. Sanahuja:
- To know the origins, evolution, aims
and instruments of EU development Policy
- To analyse the relationship between foreign aid, trade and other policy
instruments of the EU in the Euromed context
- To analyse the evolution of the Euromed Partnership and the Barcelona
Process in the field of development policies
- To discuss alternative proposals to achieve the political, economic and
social goals of the EuroMed partnership
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Programmatic
Contents
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Profª. Gómez
del Miño:
PART I: POLITICAL, SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND RELIGIOUS REALITIES OF THE ARAB-MUSLIM
SCENE
01. The enlarged Mediterranean: Actors, Subjects and factors. Homogeneities
and heterogeneities.
02. State-building of the Magrheb and Middle East countries.
03. Political and socioeconomical systems.
04. Islam: Religion versus Politics.
05. Regional democratization.
06. National identity and modernization.
07. Human Development Indexes: education, health, literacy, mortality.
08. Energetic security: Potential of the region in the international
scene
09. Islamism: An emerging reality
10. Islamic Terrorism
PART II: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
11. International and intraregional relations.
12. Conflicts Identification: Iran, Irak, Lebanon, Palestinian-Israeli
conflict, Western Sahara.
13. Israel versus Palestinian Territories: Wars between the actors,
Intifadas, international actors policies, the United Nations.
14. European Union foreign policy.
15. The Euromed process: Evolution, objectives/main goals, outcome.
16. Construction of a free trade area (2010): An uncertain future.
17. United States foreign policy in the area: Constants, common and
differentiator elements of the American's Administrations (1945-2008).
18. The participation of others actors in the regional area: Russia,
Japan, China and India.
Prof. Sanahuja:
01. Development Policies and trends in the global
context: The Milleniumm Development Goals (MDGs), the Paris Declaration and
the specific situation of the Middle-Income Countries of the Mediterranean
02. The Development Policy of the EU: Goals, strategies, instruments and
resources. Development Aid, trade preferences, trade agreements, and financial
instruments. The European Consensus on Development.
03. The Neighbourhood Policy and the Barcelona Process: Evolution, situation,
and perspectives.
04. Competing Goals and Policy Coherence in the EuroMed Partnership: Trade,
development, migration, security, democracy and stability.
05. Proposals for development and co-operation in the EuroMed area
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Teaching Units »»»
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Profª. Gómez
del Miño:
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8.1
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Culture, Religion, National Identity and Modernization
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8.2
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Political, economical and social vectors
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International Relations and Foreign Policy
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Prof. Sanahuja:
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8.1
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The global agenda of development
co-operation: the MDGs, the Paris Declaration and the aid architecture
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8.2
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a) The EU development policy:
objectives, rules, instruments and processes of reform
b) The “europeanisation” of development co-operation policies: the European
Consensus on Development
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8.3
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a) The Neighbourhood Policy
and the Barcelona Process: foundations, aims and evolution of the EuroMed
Partnership
b) Policy areas for co-operation and development: economic and social
development, trade, migration, security, democracy and human rights. The
Policy coherence issue.
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